Genetic mutation
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One can only be born with hemophilia, it isn't something you can contract from someone or can develop from a virus or infection. It is generally through mutations in the clotting proteins, which exist in the X chromosome.
As mentioned before, hemophilia is an inherited trait. Meaning that it is passed down from parents to the child, through the genes that the child receives while in the fetus. Approximately 70% of hemophilia victims inherited the disorder from their family line. Specifically, hemophilia is caused by a mutation in the genes that involve the blood clotting process. Blood clotting genes are either missing or rearranged in an unusual fashion. What this does is that it either reduces the amount of entirely gets rid of certain clotting proteins, essential for blood clotting. Thus the clotting process is impaired, as platelets aren't able to stick together properly, and one becomes a hemophiliac.
If the father of a family is a hemophiliac while the mother is homozygous for normal blood clotting, the chance of their 4 children (2 males, 2 females) is 0%, however the girls become carriers of the hemophilia gene. In addition, if a mother is a carrier of the hemophilia gene while the father does not have hemophilia the chance of their children having hemophilia is 25% in 4 kids (2 male, 2 female). One of the two sons has hemophilia, the other without, one daughter becomes a carrier of the gene and the other doesn't. The diagram below perfectly envisions both scenarios mentioned.
There are 13 total clotting proteins used in blood clotting, and 3 types of hemophilia. Each type of hemophilia is dependent on they type of protein missing, in other words, the type of hemophilia is determined by the clotting protein missing as it is the disappearance of mutation of that protein that caused that certain type of hemophilia. Hemophilia A is caused by the lack of clotting protein VIII, hemophilia B is caused by a lack of protein IX, and hemophilia C is caused by a lack of protein XI.
Yes, hemophilia is inherited, however it isn't impossible to contract the disorder from other factors. 28% of those with hemophilia contracted it spontaneously through mutations in the fetus, even if it didn't run in the family history. In this case, the mother is not the carrier, the child is the first of the family line to be affected with the defective gene and have hemophilia.
As mentioned before, hemophilia is an inherited trait. Meaning that it is passed down from parents to the child, through the genes that the child receives while in the fetus. Approximately 70% of hemophilia victims inherited the disorder from their family line. Specifically, hemophilia is caused by a mutation in the genes that involve the blood clotting process. Blood clotting genes are either missing or rearranged in an unusual fashion. What this does is that it either reduces the amount of entirely gets rid of certain clotting proteins, essential for blood clotting. Thus the clotting process is impaired, as platelets aren't able to stick together properly, and one becomes a hemophiliac.
If the father of a family is a hemophiliac while the mother is homozygous for normal blood clotting, the chance of their 4 children (2 males, 2 females) is 0%, however the girls become carriers of the hemophilia gene. In addition, if a mother is a carrier of the hemophilia gene while the father does not have hemophilia the chance of their children having hemophilia is 25% in 4 kids (2 male, 2 female). One of the two sons has hemophilia, the other without, one daughter becomes a carrier of the gene and the other doesn't. The diagram below perfectly envisions both scenarios mentioned.
There are 13 total clotting proteins used in blood clotting, and 3 types of hemophilia. Each type of hemophilia is dependent on they type of protein missing, in other words, the type of hemophilia is determined by the clotting protein missing as it is the disappearance of mutation of that protein that caused that certain type of hemophilia. Hemophilia A is caused by the lack of clotting protein VIII, hemophilia B is caused by a lack of protein IX, and hemophilia C is caused by a lack of protein XI.
Yes, hemophilia is inherited, however it isn't impossible to contract the disorder from other factors. 28% of those with hemophilia contracted it spontaneously through mutations in the fetus, even if it didn't run in the family history. In this case, the mother is not the carrier, the child is the first of the family line to be affected with the defective gene and have hemophilia.
Developed antibodies
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Hemophilia is an inherited disorder, but in the most rarest of causes it can be developed through one's lifetime as previously mentioned. In the bloodstream of an individual, antibodies can be developed to fight off the clotting proteins used in the clotting process. This accounts for less than 1% of the population of those with hemophilia. Thus as one gets cut and the clotting proteins and platelets go to clot the blood, the antibodies fight of these proteins and kill them making them unable to clot the blood. Clearly, no gene for hemophilia was passed down, instead it was caused by very rare scenarios in which the body itself adapts to prevent blood clotting from occurring.